北撲翅鴷 Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus)
分佈於北美地區，包括美國、加拿大、格陵蘭、百慕大群島、聖皮埃爾和密克隆群島及墨西哥境內北美與中美洲之間的過渡地帶。 中美洲，地處北美與南美之間，包括危地馬拉、伯里茲、洪都拉斯、薩爾瓦多、尼加拉瓜、哥斯達黎加、巴拿馬、巴哈馬、古巴、海地、牙買加、多米尼加、安提瓜和巴布達、聖文森特和格林納丁斯、聖盧西亞、巴巴多斯、格林納達、特立尼達與多巴哥等國家和地區。
The Northern Flicker is part of the genus Colaptes which encompasses 12 New-World woodpeckers. There are two living and one extinct subspecies of C. auratus species. The existing sub-species were at one time considered separate species but they commonly interbreed where ranges overlap and are now considered one species by the American Ornithologists Union. Whether or not they are separate species is a well-known example of the species problem.
The Red-shafted Flicker Colaptes auratus cafer resides in western North America. They are red under the tail and underwings and have red shafts on their primaries. They have a beige cap and a grey face. Males have a red moustache. The scientific name, Colaptes auratus cafer, is the result of an error made in 1788 by the German systematist, Johann Gmelin, who believed that its original habitat was in South Africa among the Xhosa people, then known as the "Kaffir" people. (The term "Kaffir" is now considered an extreme ethnic slur in South Africa.)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_flicker